Cyclophosphamide

Key points

• Cyclophosphamide: alkylating agent (cross-links DNA) used in vasculitis, SLE and chemotherapy regimens.
• Side effects: haemorrhagic cystitis (give mesna + hydration), myelosuppression, infertility, transitional cell carcinoma of bladder.
• Alopecia common but reversible.
• Increased malignancy risk long-term, particularly bladder cancer.