Tricuspid Regurgitation

Key points

• Signs: pan-systolic murmur · giant V waves in JVP · pulsatile hepatomegaly · left parasternal heave.
• Causes: right ventricular dilation · pulmonary hypertension (e.g. COPD) · rheumatic heart disease · infective endocarditis (esp. IVDUs) · Ebstein's anomaly · carcinoid syndrome.